Docker can't connect to internet in any mode on fresh Ubuntu install [closed]

I have installed docker-ce on a fresh Ubuntu 24.04 installation. (I have also tried 22.04)

However, there is no internet connection in the container:

sudo docker run busybox nslookup google.com

Results in ;; connection timed out; no servers could be reached

It does not matter if I use the --network=host or --dns=8.8.8.8 options. I've tried restarting docker, and wiping the system, but nothing seems to work.

The docker network interface exists. If I run ifconfig on the host I get:

docker0: flags=4099<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500        inet 172.17.0.1  netmask 255.255.0.0  broadcast 172.17.255.255        inet6 fe80::42:b3ff:fefa:e967  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>        ether 02:42:b3:fa:e9:67  txqueuelen 0  (Ethernet)        RX packets 198  bytes 11640 (11.6 KB)        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0        TX packets 229  bytes 27906 (27.9 KB)        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

and if I run it within the docker container I get:

eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 02:42:AC:11:00:02            inet addr:172.17.0.2  Bcast:172.17.255.255  Mask:255.255.0.0          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1          RX packets:2 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0          TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0           RX bytes:220 (220.0 B)  TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)

Which looks correct afaict.

Thank you for any help!